Module 01 · Course Orientation & Origins of Desktop 3D Printing课程导读与桌面 3D 打印的起源
Glossary词汇表
Module 1 模块 1
Key Phrases 关键短语
Additive Manufacturing (AM): An industry term for 3d printing. More information
增材制造（AM）：3D 打印的行业术语。更多信息
Benchtop: A size of 3d printer
桌面：3D 打印机尺寸
Binder Jetting: A 3d printing process that uses a powder and an adhesive between layers. More information
粘结剂喷射：一种使用粉末和层间粘合剂的 3D 打印工艺。更多信息
Desktop 3D Printer: A 3d printer that fits on a desk
桌面 3D 打印机：适合放在桌上的 3D 打印机
Digital Light Processing (DLP): A process where a projector cures photopolymer resin More information
数字光处理（DLP）：投影仪固化光聚合物树脂的过程 更多信息
Extrusion Based: More commonly known as FDM or FFF More information
基于挤出：更常被称为 FDM 或 FFF 更多信息
Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM): A 3d printing process in which heated material is deposited in layers and joined
熔融沉积建模（FDM）：一种将加热材料分层沉积并连接的 3D 打印工艺
Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF): Same process as FDM (coined by RepRap community)
熔融丝材制造（FFF）：与 FDM（由 RepRap 社区命名）相同的过程
Industrial 3D Printer: 3d printers that can create industrial quality prints
工业级 3D 打印机：可打印工业质量打印品的 3D 打印机
Material Jetting: A 3d printing process where polymer or wax is extruded onto a build platform in layers More information
材料喷射：一种将聚合物或蜡层叠挤出至构建平台上的 3D 打印工艺 更多信息
Powder Bed Fusion: A 3d printing technique that uses a laser to melt powder together More Information
粉末床熔融：一种使用激光将粉末熔合在一起的 3D 打印技术 更多信息
Professional Desktop: A 3d printer that is desktop sized but higher quality than consumer grade
专业台式机：一款桌面尺寸的 3D 打印机，但品质高于消费级
Prosumer: A consumer who buys tech products aimed a professionals
专业消费者：购买针对专业人士的科技产品的消费者
Rapid Prototyping (RP): A technique to quickly assemble a scale model using 3d printing More information
快速原型（RP）：一种使用 3D 打印快速组装比例模型的技巧 更多信息
Selective Laser Sintering (SLS): A powder bed fusion 3d printing process More information
选择性激光烧结（SLS）：粉末床熔融 3D 打印工艺 更多信息
Sheet Lamination: An additive manufacturing method where layers of metal or paper are adhered together to build an object More information
薄片覆膜：一种通过将金属或纸张层粘合在一起来构建物体的增材制造方法 更多信息
Stereolithography (SLA): An additive manufacturing process based on a UV laser cutting objects in a photo reactive resin
立体光固化（SLA）：一种基于紫外激光切割光敏树脂中物体的增材制造工艺
Vat Photopolymerization: A type of 3d printing that uses layers of liquid photopolymer resin More information
光聚合：一种使用液态光聚合树脂层的 3D 打印技术 更多信息
Brands 品牌
3D Systems: Invented SLA
3D Systems：发明了 SLA
Carbon: manufactures and develops 3D printers utilizing the Continuous Liquid Interface Production process
Carbon：制造和发展采用连续液态界面生产工艺的 3D 打印机
Envisiontec: 3D printer manufacturer
恩维森特克：3D 打印机制造商
Formlabs: Boston based 3D printer company
Formlabs：波士顿 3D 打印机公司
Ultimaker: Maker of 3D printers, software and materials
Ultimaker：3D 打印机、软件和材料制造商
3D Hubs: On demand 3d printing company
3D Hubs：按需 3D 打印公司
Shapeways: 3d design and printing company
Shapeways：3D 设计打印公司
i.Materialize: 3d printing and shipping company
i.Materialize：3D 打印及运输公司
Sculpteo: 3d printing company
Sculpteo：3D 打印公司
RepRap: DIY movement to create a free, self-replicating 3d printer
RepRap：创建免费、自我复制 3D 打印机的 DIY 运动
Midwest RepRap Festival: Largest RepRap gathering in the US
中西部 RepRap 节：美国最大的 RepRap 聚会
Printrbot: Former 3d printer manufacturer
普林特博特：前 3D 打印机制造商
Makerbot: One of the most popular 3d printer manufacturers
Makerbot 最受欢迎的 3D 打印机制造商之一
Jellybox: Educational 3d printer
果冻盒：教育型 3D 打印机
MAKE magazine: DIY magazine with 3d printing projects
《MAKE》杂志：DIY 杂志，3D 打印项目
See-Me-CNC: US based 3d printer company
See-Me-CNC：美国 3D 打印机公司
Prusa: Open source Europe-based 3d printer company
普鲁萨：欧洲开源 3D 打印机公司
Re:3D: Industrial 3d printer company
关于：3D：工业 3D 打印机公司
German Bigrep: Industrial 3d printer company
德国 Bigrep：工业 3D 打印机公司
Tested Youtube channel: Youtube channel that tests products
测试 YouTube 频道：测试产品的 YouTube 频道
Module 2 模块 2
Key Phrases 关键短语
Air Printing: When the 3d printer appears to be printing but nothing is extruding
空气打印：当 3D 打印机看起来在打印但没有任何东西挤出时
Bed Leveling: A form of calibration when the bed is checked for flatness
床面调平：检查床面平整度的一种校准形式
Borosilicate Glass: A strong heat-resistant glass that contains a minimum of 5 percent boric oxide
硼硅酸盐玻璃：一种含有至少 5%硼酸的强耐热玻璃
Bowden: A type of extruder that pulls filament through a PTFE tube into the hot end
博登：一种将丝材通过 PTFE 管拉入热端的挤出机
Build Envelope: The space where the part is built
构建空间：部件构建的空间
Build Plate: The area where a 3D print is printed upon.
打印板：3D 打印的打印区域。
Closed Loop: System where feedback controls the output of a system
闭环系统：系统中反馈控制系统的输出
Coordinate System: Arrangement of reference lines or curves used to identify the location of points in space.
坐标系：用于确定空间中点位置的参考线或曲线的排列。
Direct Drive: A type of extruder where the extruder motor is placed directly above the hot end
直接驱动：一种将挤出机电机直接放置在热端上的挤出机
Enclosure: An enclosed 3d printer may be enclosed in heat resistant glass or plastic, sometimes considered better for the air quality
外壳：封闭式 3D 打印机可能被封闭在耐热玻璃或塑料中，有时被认为对空气质量更好
Endstops: the part of the 3d printer that stops the moveable parts of the 3d printer from overshooting the printable surface
终止位：3D 打印机中阻止可移动部件超出打印表面的部分
Firmware: A microprogram stored in ROM
固件：存储在 ROM 中的微程序
.gcode: The file extension 3d printers read
.gcode：3D 打印机读取的文件扩展名
Gantry: The apparatus that allows the extruder assembly to move
桁架：允许挤出装置移动的装置
Glass Transition: The temperature where a polymer is mobilized and is no longer fully solid
玻璃转变温度：聚合物开始流动且不再是完全固态的温度
Heatbreak: The part of the 3d printer that prevents the filament from in the cold end
热断：3D 打印机防止丝材在冷端的部分
Interactive Interface: The part of the 3d printer that is meant to be interacted with by humans
交互界面：3D 打印机供人类交互的部分
MCU: See Microcontroller MCU：见微控制器
Melt Temperature: The temperature at which a solid becomes liquid
熔点温度：固体变为液体的温度
Micro Controller: A simple computer, often used to power 3d printers
微控制器：一种简单的计算机，常用于为 3D 打印机供电
Microstepping: Decreases the travel distance of a stepper motor
微步进：减小步进电机的行程距离
Open Loop: System that operates solely on input data
开环系统：仅基于输入数据运行的系统
PID Control: Ensures that your heated objects stay at your desired temperature settings
PID 控制：确保您的加热物体保持在您设定的温度设置
Rectanguloid: A rectangular object; A three-dimensional form related to the rectangle
长方体：矩形物体；与矩形相关的三维形状
Stepper Motor: A motor that spins a certain number of degrees when activated
步进电机：激活时旋转一定角度的电机
Telemetry: the process of recording and transmitting the readings of an instrument.
遥测：记录和传输仪器读数的过程。
Brands 品牌
Buildtak: 3d printer parts manufacturer
Buildtak 3D 打印机零部件制造商
Gekotek: Manufacturer of 3d printer surfaces
Gekotek：3D 打印机表面制造商
Magigoo: 3d printer adhesion manufacturer
马吉高：3D 打印机粘合剂制造商
Unicontroller: Ultimaker branded printer control board
统一控制器：Ultimaker 品牌打印机控制板
Module 3 模块 3
Extruder/Toolhead: The mechanical part that pushes the filament onto the build plate
挤出机/工具头：将丝材推到构建板上的机械部件
Filament Feeder: The part of the mechanism to extrude filament that has a motor that "feeds" filament into the extruder
丝材供料器：将丝材挤出机中具有“喂入”丝材功能的电机部分
Hotend: The part of the mechanism to extrude filament that becomes hot
热端：挤出丝线的机制部分，会变热
Temperature Sensor: A mechanism that senses temperature and ensures the 3d printer doesn't become dangerously overheated
温度传感器：一种感知温度并确保 3D 打印机不会过热到危险程度的机制
Heater Cartridge: The part of the 3d printer that heats up the hot end
加热芯：3D 打印机加热热端的部分
Active Cooling: Printing that uses methods like fans to cool the print
主动散热：使用风扇等冷却方法进行打印
Automation: a mechanical device, operated electronically, that functions automatically, without continuous input from an operator.
自动化：一种机械装置，通过电子操作，能够自动运行，无需操作员持续输入。
.gcode: The main file extension read by 3d printers
.gcode：3D 打印机读取的主要文件扩展名
Filament: The material used to create 3d printed objects
丝材：用于创建 3D 打印物体的材料
Polymer: The material that is 3d printed
聚合物：3D 打印的材料
Thermoplastic: Plastic that is soft and pliable when heated
热塑性塑料：加热时柔软可塑的塑料
Glass Transition: The temperature where a polymer is mobilized and is no longer fully solid
玻璃转变温度：聚合物开始流动且不再是完全固态的温度
Thermoset: Plastics that are irreversibly cured
热固性塑料：不可逆固化塑料
Melting Point: The temperature at which solid becomes liquid
熔点：固体变为液体的温度
Monomer: a molecule that can be bonded to other identical molecules to form a polymer.
单体：可以与其他相同分子结合形成聚合物的分子。
Pellets: Small pieces of plastic filament that can be recycled
塑料丝粒：可回收的小塑料颗粒
Module 4 模块 4
3d Host Software: software that receives .gcode files from the slicer and delivers them to the printer
3D 主机软件：接收切片器生成的 .gcode 文件并将其发送到打印机的软件
Build Envelope: the space in a 3d printer where builds can take place
构建空间：3D 打印机中可以进行构建的空间
Control Software: Printer software that allows you to control and modify printer parameters for operation
控制软件：允许您控制和修改打印机参数以进行操作的打印机软件
Design and Parts Repositories: websites where free .stl files can be found (most famous is Thingiverse)
设计和部件仓库：可以找到免费.stl 文件的网站（最著名的是 Thingiverse）
Digital Objects: Also known as 3d models
数字对象：也称为 3D 模型
.gcode: The file extension read by most 3d printers
.gcode：大多数 3D 打印机读取的文件扩展名
Informal Research: collecting and analyzing data in an unstructured fashion
非正式研究：以非结构化方式收集和分析数据
Mesh Models: a structural build of a model consisting of polygons
网格模型：由多边形组成的模型的结构构建
Slicing Software: the software that converts files from .stl to .gcode
切片软件：将文件从.stl 格式转换为.gcode 格式的软件
Module 5 模块 5
"Hello World" Print: The first print done on the printer, name comes from a famous computer program
你好，世界 打印：打印机上第一次打印的，名字来源于一个著名的计算机程序
3d Printer Kit: A 3d printer that must be built by the user
3D 打印机套件：用户必须自行组装的 3D 打印机
Breakaway Supports: Supports are needed for prints where there will be builds with overhangs over 45 degrees. These supports can be built so they can be broken off in the end.
断开支撑：需要支撑以用于将会有超过 45 度悬挑的打印件。这些支撑可以设计成最终可以断开。
Dissoluble Supports: Used in dual extruder machines, support materials made of PVA or HIPS which can be dissolved after printing
可溶解支撑：用于双喷头机器，由 PVA 或 HIPS 制成的打印后可溶解的支撑材料
Measurements: the size, length, or amount of something, as established by measuring.
测量：通过测量确定某物的大小、长度或数量。
Printer Calibration: A task that must be done before the first print, getting the printer accustomed to its environment and the particular printer itself
打印机校准：必须在第一次打印之前完成的任务，使打印机适应其环境和特定的打印机本身
Single vs. Dual Extrusion: A printer can have one extruder (single extrusion) or two extruders (dual extrusion). Two extruders allows for more complex prints.
单喷嘴对双喷嘴：打印机可以有一个喷嘴（单喷嘴）或两个喷嘴（双喷嘴）。双喷嘴可以打印出更复杂的模型。
Unboxing: Taking something out of the box for the first time
开箱：第一次从盒子里拿出东西
Module 6 模块 6
3rd Party Printer Repair: A shop that is not the manufacturer that provides 3d printer repair
第三方打印机维修：非制造商提供的 3D 打印机维修店
Aftermarket Printer Add ons: Anything added to the printer from a 3rd party manufacturer, such as upgraded print beds or hotends
后市场打印机配件：任何由第三方制造商添加到打印机上的东西，例如升级的打印床或热端
Fasteners: a device that closes or secures something
紧固件：一种用于关闭或固定的装置
Interlocking Parts: parts that are designed in a way to assemble without the use of fasteners or adhesive
互锁部件：设计成无需使用紧固件或粘合剂即可组装的部件
Joinery: The wooden components of something
榫卯：某物的木制部件
Post-Flight Check: A checklist that should be gone through after a 3d print job
飞行后检查：3D 打印作业后应通过的清单
Post-Processing: Techniques to complete a print after the actual printing is done, including painting, polishing, etc.
后处理：实际打印完成后完成打印的技术，包括上色、抛光等。
Preventative Maintenance: regularly performed maintenance that lessens the likelihood of equipment failure
预防性维护：定期进行的维护，以降低设备故障的可能性
Print Adhesion Aids: Tools such as special glues or tapes to help the print stick to the print bed
打印粘合辅助工具：如特殊胶水或胶带等，帮助打印件粘附在打印平台上
Print Log: a readout in the printer that provides information about all the prints that have been attempted
打印日志：打印机中提供有关所有尝试打印的打印信息的读数
Print Removal Aids: tools such as putty knives to help remove the print from the print bed
打印去除辅助工具：如橡皮擦刀等帮助从打印平台上移除打印物的工具
Printer Maintenance: Upkeep that has to be periodically performed on 3d printers
打印机维护：3D 打印机必须定期进行的保养
Service Level Agreement (SLA): Support agreement provided by the manufacturer
服务等级协议（SLA）：制造商提供的技术支持协议
Support Forums: Discussion forums, usually provided by the manufacturer, for discussing issues with 3d printers
支持论坛：通常由制造商提供的讨论 3D 打印机问题的讨论区
Troubleshooting: trace and correct faults in a mechanical or electronic system.
故障排除：追踪并纠正机械或电子系统中的故障。
Warranty: a written guarantee, issued to the purchaser of an article by its manufacturer, promising to repair or replace it if necessary within a specified period of time.
保修：制造商向商品购买者发出的书面保证，承诺在指定时间内如有必要进行修理或更换。
Other Brands 其他品牌
Amtel: DIY 3d Printer Amtel：DIY 3D 打印机
Arduino: Open source electronic prototyping platform
Arduino：开源电子原型平台
Duet: 3d printer electronics maker
对唱：3D 打印机电子制造商
github: website for people to post coding projects and portfolios
github：供人们发布编码项目和作品集的网站
grbl: 3d printer software
grbl：3D 打印机软件
Linux: a group of open source computer OSes
Linux：一组开源计算机操作系统
Marlin: 3d printer firmware
马林：3D 打印机固件
Replicape: Controller board for 3d printers
复刻板：3D 打印机控制板
Sailfish: 3d printer firmware
鲟鱼：3D 打印机固件
Smoothieboard: numerical fabrication controllers
Smoothieboard：数字制造控制器
Sprinter: Firmware for RepRap
赛跑者：RepRap 固件
SprintRay: Dental 3d printing
SprintRay：牙科 3D 打印