Module 04 · Data literacy for Data Science (Optional)
Glossary: Understanding Data术语表：理解数据
Welcome! This alphabetized glossary contains many of the terms in this course. These terms are important for you to recognize when working in the industry, participating in user groups, and participating in other certificate programs.
欢迎！本按字母顺序排列的术语表包含了本课程中的许多术语。这些术语对于您在行业内工作、参与用户组以及参与其他证书项目时识别非常重要。
| Term 术语 | Definition 定义 | Video where the term is introduced 介绍该术语的视频 |
|---|---|---|
| Comma-separated values (CSVs) 逗号分隔值（CSV 文件） |
Delimited text files where the delimiter is a comma. Used to store structured data. 以逗号为分隔符的文本文件，用于存储结构化数据。 |
Understanding Different Types of File Formats 理解不同类型的文件格式 |
| Delimited text file formats 分隔文本文件格式 |
Text files are used to store data where each line or row has values separated by a delimiter. A delimiter is a sequence of one or more characters specifying the boundary between values. Common delimiters include comma, tab, colon, vertical bar, and space. 文本文件用于存储数据，其中每行或每行中的值由分隔符分隔。分隔符是由一个或多个字符组成的序列，用于指定值之间的边界。常见的分隔符包括逗号、制表符、冒号、竖线（竖杠）和空格。 |
Understanding Different Types of File Formats 理解不同类型的文件格式 |
| NoSQL databases NoSQL 数据库 | Databases are designed to store and manage unstructured data and provide analysis tools for examining this type of data. 数据库设计用于存储和管理非结构化数据，并提供用于分析此类数据的分析工具。 |
Types of Data 数据类型 |
| Online Transaction Processing (OLTP) Systems 在线事务处理系统 (OLTP) |
Systems that focus on handling business transactions and storing structured data. 专注于处理业务事务和存储结构化数据的系统。 |
Types of Data 数据类型 |
| Relational databases 关系数据库 | Databases are designed to store structured data with well-defined schemas and support standard data analysis methods and tools. 数据库设计用于存储具有明确架构的结构化数据，并支持标准的数据分析方法与工具。 |
Types of Data 数据类型 |
| Sensors 传感器 | Devices such as Global Positioning Systems (GPS) and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags generate structured data. 诸如全球定位系统（GPS）和射频识别（RFID）标签等设备会生成结构化数据。 |
Types of Data 数据类型 |
| Spreadsheets 电子表格 | Software applications like Excel and Google Spreadsheets are used for organizing and analyzing structured data. 像 Excel 和 Google 电子表格这样的软件应用程序用于组织和分析结构化数据。 |
Types of Data 数据类型 |
| SQL Databases SQL 数据库 | Databases that use Structured Query Language (SQL) for defining, manipulating, and querying data in structured formats. 使用结构化查询语言（SQL）来定义、操作和查询结构化格式数据的数据库。 |
Types of Data 数据类型 |
| Tab-separated values (TSVs) 制表符分隔值 (TSVs) |
Delimited text files where the delimiter is a tab. Used as an alternative to CSV when literal commas are present in text data. 以制表符作为分隔符的文本文件。当文本数据中存在字面逗号时，用作 CSV 的替代方案。 |
Understanding Different Types of File Formats 理解不同类型的文件格式 |