Module 01 · Defining Data Science and What Data Scientists Do
Glossary: What do Data Scientists Do?术语表：数据科学家做什么？
Welcome! This alphabetized glossary contains many of the terms in this course. These terms are important for you to recognize when working in the industry, participating in user groups, and participating in other certificate programs.
欢迎！本按字母顺序排列的术语表包含了本课程中的许多术语。这些术语对于您在行业内工作、参与用户组以及参与其他证书项目时识别非常重要。
| Term 术语 | Definition 定义 | Video where the term is introduced 介绍该术语的视频 |
|---|---|---|
| Comma-separated values (CSV) / Tab-separated values (TSV) 逗号分隔值（CSV）/制表符分隔值（TSV） |
Commonly used format for storing tabular data as plain text where either the comma or the tab separates each value. 一种常用的纯文本格式，用于存储表格数据，其中逗号或制表符用于分隔每个值。 |
Working on Different File Formats 处理不同文件格式 |
| Data file types 数据文件类型 | A computer file configuration is designed to store data in a specific way. 计算机文件配置旨在以特定方式存储数据。 |
Working on Different File Formats 处理不同文件格式 |
| Data format 数据格式 | How data is encoded so it can be stored within a data file type. 数据如何编码以便存储在数据文件类型中。 |
Working on Different File Formats 处理不同的文件格式 |
| Data visualization 数据可视化 | A visual way, such as a graph, of representing data in a readily understandable way makes it easier to see trends in the data. 一种直观的方式，如图表，将数据以易于理解的方式呈现，可以更方便地看出数据中的趋势。 |
Data Science Topics and Algorithms 数据科学主题和算法 |
| Delimited text file 分隔文本文件 | A plain text file where a specific character separates the data values. 一种纯文本文件，其中使用特定字符分隔数据值。 |
Working on Different File Formats 处理不同文件格式 |
| Extensible Markup Language (XML) 可扩展标记语言（XML） |
A language designed to structure, store, and enable data exchange between various technologies. 一种旨在结构化、存储以及在不同技术之间实现数据交换的语言。 |
Working on Different File Formats 处理不同文件格式 |
| Hadoop | An open-source framework designed to store and process large datasets across clusters of computers. 一个用于在计算机集群中存储和处理大型数据集的开源框架。 |
What Makes Someone a Data Scientist 什么造就了一位数据科学家 |
| JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) JavaScript 对象表示法（JSON） |
A data format compatible with various programming languages for two applications to exchange structured data. 一种兼容多种编程语言的数据格式，用于两个应用程序交换结构化数据。 |
Working on Different File Formats 处理不同的文件格式 |
| Jupyter notebooks Jupyter 笔记本 | A computational environment that allows users to create and share documents containing code, equations, visualizations, and explanatory text. See Python notebooks. 一个计算环境，允许用户创建和分享包含代码、方程式、可视化和解释性文本的文档。参见 Python 笔记本。 |
Data Science Skills & Big Data 数据科学技能与大数据 |
| Nearest neighbor 最近邻算法 | A machine learning algorithm that predicts a target variable based on its similarity to other values in the dataset. 一种基于数据集中其他值与目标变量的相似性来预测目标变量的机器学习算法。 |
Working on Different File Formats 处理不同文件格式 |
| Neural networks 神经网络 | A computational model used in deep learning that mimics the structure and functioning of the human brain's neural pathways. It takes an input, processes it using previous learning, and produces an output. 一种用于深度学习的计算模型，模拟人脑神经通路的结构和功能。它接收输入，利用先前学习进行处理，并产生输出。 |
A Day in the Life of a Data Scientist 数据科学家的一天 |
| Pandas | An open-source Python library that provides tools for working with structured data is often used for data manipulation and analysis. 一个开源的 Python 库，提供处理结构化数据的工具，常用于数据操作和分析。 |
Data Science Skills & Big Data 数据科学技能与大数据 |
| Python notebooks Python 笔记本 | Also known as a “Jupyter” notebook, this computational environment allows users to create and share documents containing code, equations, visualizations, and explanatory text. 也称为“Jupyter”笔记本，这是一个计算环境，允许用户创建和共享包含代码、方程式、可视化和解释性文本的文档。 |
Data Science Skills & Big Data 数据科学技能与大数据 |
| R | An open-source programming language used for statistical computing, data analysis, and data visualization. 一种用于统计计算、数据分析和数据可视化的开源编程语言。 |
Data Science Skills & Big Data 数据科学技能与大数据 |
| Recommendation engine 推荐引擎 | A computer program that analyzes user input, such as behaviors or preferences, and makes personalized recommendations based on that analysis. 一种计算机程序，通过分析用户输入（如行为或偏好），并根据该分析结果提供个性化推荐。 |
A Day in the Life of a Data Scientist 一个数据科学家的日常生活 |
| Regression 回归 | A statistical model that shows a relationship between one or more predictor variables with a response variable. 一种统计模型，显示一个或多个预测变量与响应变量之间的关系。 |
Data Science Topics and Algorithms 数据科学主题和算法 |
| Tabular data 表格数据 | Data that is organized into rows and columns. 被组织成行和列的数据。 |
A Day in the Life of a Data Scientist 数据科学家的一天 |
| XLSX | The Microsoft Excel spreadsheet file format. Microsoft Excel 电子表格文件格式。 |
Working on Different File Formats 处理不同文件格式 |