Module 02 · Introducing MongoDB: An Open-Source NoSQL Database

Glossary: Basics of MongoDB术语表：MongoDB 基础

Welcome! This alphabetized glossary contains many of the terms you'll find within this course. This comprehensive glossary also includes additional industry-recognized terms not used in course videos. These terms are important for you to recognize when working in the industry, participating in user groups, and participating in other certificate programs.
欢迎！这个按字母顺序排列的术语表包含了您在本课程中会发现的大量术语。这个全面的术语表还包括了课程视频中未使用的、行业认可的术语。这些术语对于您在行业内工作、参与用户组以及参与其他认证项目时都非常重要。

Term 术语	Definition 定义
Aggregation pipeline 聚合管道	The aggregation pipeline in MongoDB allows for data transformation and processing using a series of stages, including filtering, grouping, sorting, and projecting. The aggregation pipeline is a powerful tool for expressive data manipulation. MongoDB 中的聚合管道允许使用一系列阶段对数据进行转换和处理，包括过滤、分组、排序和投影。聚合管道是表达数据操作功能强大的工具。
Code-first 先代码后模型	Code-first refers to a development approach where developers create the application code first and let the code define the database schema. In MongoDB, this means that the schema is flexible and adapts to evolving application needs. 先代码后模型指的是一种开发方法，开发者首先创建应用程序代码，并由代码定义数据库模式。在 MongoDB 中，这意味着模式是灵活的，能够适应不断变化的应用需求。
Collection 集合	In MongoDB, a collection is a group of MongoDB documents. Collections are analogous to tables in a relational database and store related data documents in a schema-free, JSON-like format. 在 MongoDB 中，集合是一组 MongoDB 文档。集合类似于关系数据库中的表，并以无模式、类似 JSON 的格式存储相关的数据文档。
Database 数据库	A database in MongoDB is a logical container for one or more collections. It provides an isolation mechanism for collections and their associated data. 在 MongoDB 中，数据库是一个逻辑容器，用于存储一个或多个集合。它为集合及其相关数据提供了隔离机制。
Document 文档	A NoSQL database model that stores data in semi-structured documents, often in formats like JSON or BSON. These documents can vary in structure and are typically grouped within collections. 一种存储半结构化文档的 NoSQL 数据库模型，文档通常以 JSON 或 BSON 格式存储。这些文档的结构可以不同，并且通常分组存储在集合中。
Extract, transform, and load (ETL) 抽取、转换和加载（ETL）	A process of extracting data from its sources, transforming the data into a business-usable format, and then loading the data into a target database, often used with MongoDB for data integration. 一种从数据源中抽取数据、将数据转换为业务可用格式，然后将数据加载到目标数据库中的过程，通常用于 MongoDB 的数据集成。
Expressive querying 表达性查询	Expressive querying refers to the ability to write complex and flexible queries that address data retrieval and manipulation needs, often facilitated by MongoDB's query language and aggregation framework. 表达式查询是指编写复杂且灵活的查询以应对数据检索和操作需求的能力，通常由 MongoDB 的查询语言和聚合框架支持。
High availability 高可用性 (HA)	High availability (HA) in MongoDB refers to the ability of the database system to maintain near-continuous operation and data accessibility, even in the face of hardware failures or other issues. High availability is often achieved through features like replication and failover. MongoDB 中的高可用性（HA）是指数据库系统在硬件故障或其他问题面前仍能保持近乎持续运行和数据可访问的能力。高可用性通常通过复制和故障转移等功能实现。
JSON	JSON is an acronym for JavaScript Object Notation, a lightweight data-interchange format used in NoSQL databases and other data systems. JSON is human-readable and easy for machines to parse. JSON 是 JavaScript Object Notation 的缩写，是一种轻量级的数据交换格式，用于 NoSQL 数据库和其他数据系统。JSON 是人类可读的，并且易于机器解析。
MQL	MongoDB Query Language is a query language specific to MongoDB used to retrieve and manipulate data in the database. MongoDB 查询语言是特定于 MongoDB 的查询语言，用于检索和操作数据库中的数据。
NoSQL	NoSQL stands for "not only SQL." A type of database that provides storage and retrieval of data that is modeled in ways other than the traditional relational tabular databases. NoSQL 代表"不仅仅是 SQL"。一种数据库类型，它提供的数据存储和检索方式不同于传统的关系型表格数据库。
Operational data 运营数据	Operational data in MongoDB refers to the data that the application actively uses and manipulates, as opposed to historical or archived data. MongoDB 中的操作数据是指应用程序积极使用和操作的数据，而不是历史数据或归档数据。
Unstructured data 非结构化数据	Unstructured data in MongoDB is data that does not adhere to a fixed schema. MongoDB allows for flexible and unstructured data storage, making MongoDB suitable for semi-structured or rapidly changing data. MongoDB 中的非结构化数据是指不遵循固定模式的数据。MongoDB 允许灵活和非结构化数据存储，使得 MongoDB 适合半结构化或快速变化的数据。