Essential Characteristics of DevOpsDevOps 的基本特征

Introduction 简介

In order to succeed in a competitive market, a business needs to be agile, meaning they can move quickly and take on minimal risk. To achieve this, they need to experiment wisely in order to gain valuable insights that allow them to improve their value proposition and the quality of service they provide to their customers on a daily basis.
为了在竞争激烈的市场中取得成功，企业需要具备敏捷性，这意味着他们可以快速行动并承担最小风险。为了实现这一点，他们需要明智地进行实验，以获得有价值的见解，从而改善他们的价值主张以及他们每天向客户提供的服务质量。

Three pillars support agility. DevOps is one of the pillars. Cultural change, automated pipelines, infrastructure as code, and immutable infrastructure are all examples of DevOps. One of the pillars is microservices. This pillar involves designing a loosely coupled application with microservices communicating through REST APIs. Developers build microservices to withstand failure and can test them by intentionally breaking them to detect failures quickly. Containers are the other pillar. Containers are developer-focused environments that provide portability and quick startup. They also enable an ecosystem with immutable infrastructure that allows for rapid deployment.
三个支柱支撑敏捷性。DevOps 是其中一柱。文化变革、自动化流水线、基础设施即代码和不可变基础设施都是 DevOps 的例子。其中一柱是微服务。这柱涉及设计一个松耦合的应用程序，微服务通过 REST API 进行通信。开发者构建微服务以承受故障，并且可以通过故意破坏它们来测试它们，以快速检测故障。容器是另一柱。容器是面向开发者的环境，提供可移植性和快速启动。它们还使不可变基础设施的生态系统成为可能，从而实现快速部署。

These are impressive technologies, but when combined, they enable powerful change. You have DevOps for speed and agility, microservices for small deploys, and containers for ephemeral run times with fast startup.
这些技术令人印象深刻，但结合在一起，它们能带来强大的变革。您有 DevOps 实现速度和敏捷性，微服务用于小型部署，以及容器实现短暂的运行时间，快速启动。

DevOps has three dimensions: culture, methods, and tools. Most businesses and vendors concentrate on the tools because they can sell them all. Some businesses also concentrate on important methods. But the most important aspect to consider is culture!
DevOps 有三个维度：文化、方法和工具。大多数企业和供应商都专注于工具，因为他们可以销售所有这些工具。一些企业也专注于重要的方法。但最重要的考虑因素是文化！

Atlassian says, “Culture is the number one success factor in DevOps. Building a culture of shared responsibility, transparency, and faster feedback is the foundation of every high-performing DevOps team.” To be a high-performing DevOps organization, you need to change your culture.
Atlassian 表示，“文化是 DevOps 成功的第一要素。建立共享责任、透明度和快速反馈的文化是每个高性能 DevOps 团队的基础。” 要成为高性能的 DevOps 组织，您需要改变您的文化。

Countries and companies have distinctive cultures. Culture includes our language, food, values, and stories. Many businesses try to become DevOps but fail to change their culture. For change to occur, it must come from the top and be accepted from the bottom up. This is not a simple task.
国家和企业拥有独特的文化。文化包括我们的语言、食物、价值观和故事。许多企业试图成为 DevOps，但未能改变其文化。要实现变革，必须自上而下发生，并自下而上得到接受。这不是一项简单任务。

So how do you change a culture?
那么，如何改变一种文化呢？

• You must change the way people think. They have to start thinking differently. You need to think about social coding and sharing.
  你必须改变人们的思维方式。他们必须开始以不同的方式思考。你需要考虑社交编码和分享。
• You must change the way they work. They must start working differently in small batches and using test-driven and behavior-driven development techniques.
  您必须改变他们的工作方式。他们必须从小批量开始，并使用测试驱动和以行为驱动的开发技术来工作。
• You must change your organizational style. Since organizational style directly affects how you build things, you must organize differently, which is something many companies fail to understand.
  您必须改变您的组织风格。由于组织风格直接影响您构建事物的方式，您必须以不同的方式组织，这是许多公司未能理解的事情。
• Most importantly, you must change the way people are measured. Because you always get what you measure, you must change your measurement system and measure differently.
  最重要的是，你必须改变衡量人的方式。因为衡量什么就会得到什么，你必须改变你的衡量体系，以不同的方式衡量。

Conclusion 结论

To be a high-performing DevOps organization, one must change its culture, methods, and tools. The essential characteristics of DevOps include cultural change, automated pipelines, infrastructure as code, microservices, containers, and immutable infrastructure.
要成为一个高绩效的 DevOps 组织，必须改变其文化、方法和工具。DevOps 的基本特征包括文化变革、自动化管道、基础设施即代码、微服务、容器和不可变基础设施。