Glossary词汇表

Here you will find the description of some words and phrases that pertain to the concepts in this course, and also words and phrases used in the videos and readings. If you want to add another word or expression that we missed, please suggest it in the forums.
这里您可以找到一些与课程概念相关的词汇和短语的描述，以及视频和阅读材料中使用的词汇和短语。如果您想补充我们遗漏的词汇或表达，请在论坛中提出建议。

C

CAD

Computer-aided design (CAD) is the use of computer systems to aid in the creation, modification, analysis, or optimization of a design. CAD software is used to increase the productivity of the designer, improve the quality of design, improve communications through documentation, and to create a database for manufacturing. CAD output is often in the form of electronic files for print, machining, or other manufacturing operations.
计算机辅助设计（CAD）是利用计算机系统来帮助创建、修改、分析或优化设计的方法。CAD 软件用于提高设计师的生产力，提升设计质量，通过文档改善沟通，并为制造创建数据库。CAD 输出通常以电子文件的形式用于打印、加工或其他制造操作。

Cloud-computing   云计算

The practice of using a network of remote servers hosted on the Internet to store, manage, and process data, rather than a local server or a personal computer.
使用互联网上远程服务器网络来存储、管理和处理数据，而不是本地服务器或个人电脑的做法。

Copic

A brand of markers as well as inking and related products made in Japan by Too and distributed in the United States and Canada by Imagination International and Notions Marketing.
日本 Too 生产的记号笔品牌，以及相关墨水和产品，由 Imagination International 和 Notions Marketing 在美国和加拿大分销。

D

Design sketching   设计草图

A simple, clean or directly executed drawing or painting, especially a preliminary one, giving the essential features without the details. It is not an "artistic Image', rather a visual communication tool.
简单、干净或直接执行的绘画或素描，尤其是草图，只呈现基本特征而不包含细节。它不是“艺术图像”，而是一种视觉沟通工具。

Drawing in perspective   绘制透视

Perspective drawing is a system of representing the way that objects appear to get smaller and closer together, the further away they are. If you have ever seen railroad tracks, you have seen one point perspective. A skyscraper, three point perspective.
透视画法是一种表示物体随着距离的增加而显得越来越小、越来越靠近的系统。如果你曾经见过铁路轨道，你就见过一点透视。摩天大楼，三点透视。

F

Faces, vertex, edges   面，顶点，边

• A vertex typically means a corner or a point where lines meet.
• 一个顶点通常指线条相交的角或点。

• An edge is a line (or curve) segment that joins two vertices.
• 边缘是连接两个顶点的线（或曲线）段。

• A face is an individual surface. Example: A cube has 6 faces, 12 edges, and 8 vertices.
• 面是一个单独的表面。例如：一个立方体有 6 个面，12 条边和 8 个顶点。

I

Infrared light   红外线

Infrared (IR) is invisible radiant energy, electromagnetic radiation with longer wavelengths than those of visible light,
红外（IR）是一种不可见辐射能量，波长比可见光长

Isometric view   等距视图

Isometric projection is a method for visually representing three-dimensional objects in two dimensions in technical and engineering drawings. It is an axonometric projection in which the three coordinate axes appear equally foreshortened and the angle between any two of them is 120 degrees.
等距投影是一种在技术工程图纸中用二维方式视觉表示三维物体的方法。它是一种轴测投影，其中三个坐标轴看起来等长缩短，任意两个坐标轴之间的角度为 120 度。

L

Laser   镭射

A laser is a device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation.
激光是一种通过基于电磁辐射受激发射的光学放大过程发射光线的设备。

Layer   图层

In graphics software, a layer is the term used to describe the different levels at which you can place an object or image file. In the program you can stack, merge ordefine layers when creating a digital image.
在图形软件中，层是指可以放置对象或图像文件的多个级别。在程序中，创建数字图像时可以堆叠、合并或定义层。

Line weight   线条粗细

Describes the relative 'weight' - strength, heaviness, or darkness - of the line against the background or support.
描述线条相对于背景或支撑的相对“重量”——强度、重量或暗度。

O

Orthographic view   正投影视图

Orthographic views are two-dimensional views of three-dimensional objects. Orthographic views represent the exact shape of an object as seen from one side at a time as you are looking perpendicularly to it. Depth is not shown.
正投影视图是三维物体的二维视图。正投影视图表示从一侧垂直观察物体时，物体所呈现的确切形状。深度不显示。

P

Parametric solid modeling
参数化实体建模

Parametric solid modeling is a key technology to define and manipulate solid models through high-level, parameterized steps. These steps can be modified by users and to specific parameter values and constraint configurations.
参数化实体建模是通过高级参数化步骤定义和操作实体模型的关键技术。这些步骤可以被用户修改，并针对特定的参数值和约束配置。

Photogrammetry   摄影测量学

Photogrammetry is the science of making measurements from photographs, especially for recovering the exact positions of surface points. Photogrammetry feeds measurements from remote sensing and the results of imagery analysis into computational models in an attempt to successively estimate, with increasing accuracy, the actual, 3-D relative motions within the researched field.
摄影测量学是从照片中进行测量的科学，特别是用于恢复表面点的精确位置。摄影测量学将遥感测量结果和图像分析结果输入到计算模型中，试图逐步以不断提高的精度估计研究区域内实际的 3D 相对运动。

Primitive shapes   原始形状

Pre-defined 3-dimensional shapes, like the box and cylinder creating tools in Fusion 360.
预定义的 3D 形状，如盒子、圆柱体，在 Fusion 360 中创建工具。

S

Self-intersecting geometry
自相交几何

Intersecting geometry is often found where it crosses over itself (in any 3D CAD).
相交几何通常出现在它自身交叉的地方（在任何 3D CAD 中）。

Sketch based shapes   草图基础形状

3-dimensional shapes based on the 2-dimensional sketches you did. For example, you can get a cylinder by drawing a circle and then extruding it.
基于你绘制的二维草图的三维形状。例如，你可以通过画一个圆然后拉伸它来得到一个圆柱体。

Solid model   实体模型

A three-dimensional geometric model which represents both the external shapes and the internal structures of an object. A solid model has attributes such as thickness and volume.
三维几何模型，代表物体的外部形状和内部结构。实体模型具有厚度和体积等属性。

STL file   STL 文件

STL (STereoLithography) is a file format native to the stereolithography CAD software created by 3D Systems. This file format is supported by many other software packages; it is widely used for rapid prototyping, 3D printing and computer-aided manufacturing. STL files describe only the surface geometry of a three-dimensional object without any representation of color, texture or other common CAD model attributes.
STL（立体光刻）是 3D Systems 公司开发的立体光刻 CAD 软件的本地文件格式。此文件格式被许多其他软件包支持；它广泛应用于快速原型制作、3D 打印和计算机辅助制造。STL 文件仅描述三维物体的表面几何形状，不包含颜色、纹理或其他常见的 CAD 模型属性。

Structured light scanners
结构光扫描仪

A structured-light 3D scanner is a 3D scanning device for measuring the three-dimensional shape of an object using projected light patterns (eg. Laser light, infrared light) and a camera system.
结构光 3D 扫描仪是一种利用投影光模式（例如激光光、红外光）和相机系统来测量物体三维形状的 3D 扫描设备。

T

T-Spline   T-样条

T-Splines are a powerful computer-aided design (CAD) surface with special properties, which improves upon traditional CAD technology while retaining compatibility. T-Splines allows designers to
T-Splines 是一种具有特殊属性的强大计算机辅助设计（CAD）曲面，在保留兼容性的同时改进了传统 CAD 技术。T-Splines 允许设计师

• Add detail only where necessary  

• Create non-rectangular topology
• 创建非矩形拓扑

• Easily edit complex freeform models
• 轻松编辑复杂的自由模型

• Maintain NURBS compatibility
• 保持 NURBS 兼容性

Since T-Splines is compatible with existing modeling technologies, it integrates easily with most production pipelines. Read more: http://www.tsplines.com/products/what-are-t-splines.html
由于 T-Splines 与现有建模技术兼容，它易于与大多数生产流程集成。了解更多：http://www.tsplines.com/products/what-are-t-splines.html

U

Uniform scaling   统一缩放

A linear transformation that enlarges (increases) or shrinks (diminishes) objects by a scalefactor that is the same in all directions. The result of uniform scaling is the same form with different size to the original.
线性变换，通过相同的尺度因子放大（增加）或缩小（减少）对象。均匀缩放的结果是形状相同但大小不同的原始对象。

3-point perspective   三点透视

Linear perspective in which parallel lines along the width of an object meet at two separate points on the horizon and vertical lines on the object meet at a point on the perpendicular bisector of the horizon line.
物体宽度上的平行线在水平线上的两个不同点相交，物体上的垂直线在水平线垂直平分线上相交的线性透视。