Lesson 1 Summary: Cloud Infrastructure第 1 课总结：云基础设施

In this lesson, you have learned:
在这一课中，你学到了：

• Cloud infrastructure consists of data centers, storage, networking components, and computing resources.
  云基础设施包括数据中心、存储、网络组件和计算资源。
• Virtualization is the process of creating a software-based version of physical resources, made possible by hypervisors. 
  虚拟化是通过虚拟机管理程序创建物理资源的软件版本的过程。
• A few different types of Virtual Machines can be provisioned on the cloud. These include:
  云上可以配置几种不同类型的虚拟机。这些包括：
  • Shared or Public Cloud VMs that are provider-managed, multi-tenant deployments that can be provisioned on-demand with predefined sizes
    共享或公共云虚拟机，由提供商管理，多租户部署，可按需配置预定义大小
  • Transient or Spot VMs that take advantage of unused capacity in a cloud data center
    短暂或点对点虚拟机，利用云数据中心未使用的容量
  • Reserved VMs that allow you to reserve capacity and guarantee resources for future deployments 
    预留虚拟机，让您能够预留容量并保证未来部署的资源
  • Dedicated hosts that offer single-tenant isolation
    专用主机，提供单租户隔离
• Bare metal servers are single-tenant physical servers that are dedicated to a single customer. Bare metal servers fulfill the demanding needs of high-performance computing (HPC) and data-intense applications. They are ideal for applications that have a high degree of security or compliance requirements.
  裸金属服务器是专门为单个客户定制的物理服务器。裸金属服务器满足高性能计算（HPC）和数据密集型应用的高要求。它们非常适合对安全或合规性要求程度高的应用。
• Networking capabilities in the cloud are delivered as a service rather than in the form of rack-mounted devices. Cloud resources such as VMs (or VSIs), storage, network connectivity, and load balancers are deployed into subnets within Virtual Private Clouds (VPCs). Using private and public subnets allows users to deploy multi-tier enterprise applications securely. Load balancers distribute the traffic and allow applications to be responsive.
  云计算中的网络功能以服务形式提供，而不是以机架式设备的形式。云资源如虚拟机（或 VSI）、存储、网络连接和负载均衡器被部署在虚拟私有云（VPC）内的子网中。使用私有和公共子网，用户可以安全地部署多层企业应用程序。负载均衡器分配流量，使应用程序能够响应。
• Containers are executable units of software in which application code, its libraries, and its dependences are packaged in a common way, so that it can be run anywhere, from desktops, traditional IT, to the cloud. Containers are more lightweight and consume fewer resources than Virtual Machines, helping streamline the development and deployment of cloud native applications.
  容器是软件的可执行单元，其中应用程序代码、其库及其依赖项以通用方式打包，以便在任何地方运行，从桌面、传统 IT 到云端。容器比虚拟机更轻量级，消耗的资源更少，有助于简化云原生应用程序的开发和部署。