Module 06 · Course Summary
Key Takeaways学习要点：自我动机
Learning Objective 3: Explain the role that the self plays in processing self-relevant information. 学习目标 3：解释自我在处理自我相关信息中的作用。
After finishing this course, you should be able to:
完成这门课程后，你应该能够：
- Explain the role that the self plays in processing self-relevant information.
解释自我在处理自我相关信息中的作用。- Identify evidence that we do not always process self-relevant information objectively.
识别我们并非总是客观处理自我相关信息的证据。 - Differentiate the three motives for processing self-relevant information.
区分处理自我相关信息的三种动机。 - Explain the three positive illusions that self-enhancement causes.
解释自我提升导致的三个积极错觉。 - Give examples of factors that can shift which self-relevant motivation we pursue.
提供可以改变我们追求哪种自我相关动机的因素的例子。
- Identify evidence that we do not always process self-relevant information objectively.
Learning Objective 3 Takeaways 学习目标 3 要点
- Three self-motives can influence the type of self-relevant information that we seek out and accept as true.
三个自我动机可以影响我们寻求和接受为真的自我相关信息类型。- The self-enhancement motive leads us to seek out and accept positive information about the self and avoid and ignore negative information about the self. This is done to create and maintain a positive view of the self.
自我提升的动机让我们寻求并接受关于自己的积极信息，避免和忽视关于自己的消极信息。这样做是为了创造并维持对自己积极的看法。- Focusing on positive information and ignoring negative information about the self can lead to three positive illusions about the self: possessing overly positive self-evaluations, overestimating the amount of control we have over situations, and predicting overly positive outcomes for ourselves.
关注积极信息，忽略关于自己的消极信息，可能导致关于自己的三种积极错觉：拥有过于积极的自我评价、高估我们对情境的控制力，以及预测过于积极的自我结果。 - The self-enhancement motive is stronger in some cultures than in others. In particular, people from Western cultures tend to self-enhance significantly more than people from cultures in East Asia.
自我提升的动机在某些文化中比其他文化更强。特别是，来自西方文化的人比来自东亚文化的人更倾向于显著地自我提升。
- Focusing on positive information and ignoring negative information about the self can lead to three positive illusions about the self: possessing overly positive self-evaluations, overestimating the amount of control we have over situations, and predicting overly positive outcomes for ourselves.
- The self-verification motive leads us to seek out and accept information about the self that confirms what we believe about the self.
自我验证动机使我们寻求并接受关于自我的信息，以证实我们对自己所相信的事情。- Focusing on information consistent with our self-concept promotes coherence within the self and a feeling that we know ourselves.
关注与我们自我概念一致的信息，有助于自我内部的连贯性，以及一种我们了解自己的感觉。 - The self-beliefs that we seek to confirm may be accurate or inaccurate, and positive or negative.
我们所寻求确认的自我信念可能是准确的或错误的，积极的或消极的。
- Focusing on information consistent with our self-concept promotes coherence within the self and a feeling that we know ourselves.
- The accuracy motive leads us to seek out and accept information that we believe to be accurate descriptors of the self.
准确性动机使我们寻求并接受我们认为能准确描述自我的信息。
- The self-enhancement motive leads us to seek out and accept positive information about the self and avoid and ignore negative information about the self. This is done to create and maintain a positive view of the self.
- Different types of information can make each motive stronger or weaker.
不同类型的信息可以使每个动机更强或更弱。- Receiving negative information about the self can increase the self-enhancement motive.
接收关于自我的负面信息可能会增加自我提升的动机。 - Receiving information about the self that is inconsistent with the self-concept can increase the self-verification motive.
接收到的关于自我的信息与自我概念不一致，可能会增加自我验证动机。 - Facing an important situation in which we will be evaluated and we believe accurate feedback will improve our performance can increase the accuracy motive.
面对我们将被评估的重要情况，我们相信准确的反馈可以提高我们的表现，这可以增强准确性动机。
- Receiving negative information about the self can increase the self-enhancement motive.
Source: https://www.coursera.org/learn/psychology-of-the-self/supplement/8mdGT/key-takeaways